为 App Engine 启用 IAP

本页介绍如何使用 Identity-Aware Proxy (IAP) 保护 App Engine 实例。

准备工作

如需为 App Engine 启用 IAP，您需要以下各项：

• 启用了结算功能的 Google Cloud 控制台项目。

如果您尚未设置 App Engine 实例，请参阅部署 App Engine 以查看完整演示。

IAP 使用 Google 管理的 OAuth 客户端对用户进行身份验证。 只有组织内的用户可以访问启用 IAP 的应用。 如果您想允许组织外部的用户访问，请参阅为外部应用启用 IAP。

注意： 使用 Google 管理的 OAuth 客户端对用户进行身份验证的功能处于预览版阶段。

启用 IAP

控制台

使用 Google Cloud 控制台启用 IAP 时，无法使用 Google 管理的 OAuth 客户端。

If you haven't configured your project's OAuth consent screen, you'll be prompted to do so. To configure your OAuth consent screen, see Setting up your OAuth consent screen.

Setting up IAP access

1. Go to the Identity-Aware Proxy page.
   Go to the Identity-Aware Proxy page
2. Select the project you want to secure with IAP.
3. Select the checkbox next to the resource you want to grant access to.
4. On the right side panel, click Add principal.
5. In the Add principals dialog that appears, enter the email addresses of groups or individuals who should have the IAP-secured Web App User role for the project.

   The following kinds of principals can have this role:

   • Google Account: [e-mail]
   • Google Group: [e-mail]
   • Service account: server@example.
   • Google Workspace domain: example.com

   Make sure to add a Google Account that you have access to.

6. Select Cloud IAP > IAP-secured Web App User from the Roles drop-down list.
7. Click Save.

Turning on IAP

1. On the Identity-Aware Proxy page, under Applications, find the application you want to restrict access to. To turn on IAP for a resource, toggle the on/off switch in the IAP column.
   
2. In the Turn on IAP window that appears, click Turn On to confirm that you want IAP to secure your resource. After you turn on IAP, it requires login credentials for all connections to your load balancer. Only principals with the IAP-Secured Web App User (roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor) role on the project will be given access.

gcloud

Before you set up your project and IAP, you need an up-to-date version of the gcloud CLI. For instructions on how to install the gcloud CLI, see Install the gcloud CLI.

1. To authenticate, use the Google Cloud CLI and run the following command.

   gcloud auth login

2. Click the URL that appears and sign in.
3. After you sign in, copy the verification code that appears and paste it in the command line.
4. Run the following command to specify the project that contains the applications that you want to protect with IAP.

   gcloud config set project PROJECT_ID

5. To enable IAP, run the following command.

   gcloud iap web enable --resource-type=app-engine --versions=version

6. Add principals who should have the IAP-secured Web App user role to the project.

   gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding PROJECT_ID \
          --member=PRINCIPAL_IDENTIFIER \
          --role=roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor

   • Replace PROJECT_ID with your project ID.
   • Replace PRINCIPAL_IDENTIFIER with the necessary principals. This can be a type of domain, group, serviceAccount, or user. For example, user:[e-mail].

After you enable IAP, you can use the gcloud CLI to modify the IAP access policy using the IAM role roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor. Learn more about managing roles and permissions.

API

1. Run the following command to prepare a settings.json file.

   cat << EOF > settings.json
   {
   "iap":
     {
       "enabled":true
     }
   }
   EOF
   

2. Run the following command to enable IAP.

   curl -X PATCH \
   -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
   -H "Accept: application/json" \
   -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
   -d @settings.json \
   "https://appengine.googleapis.com/v1/apps/PROJECT_ID?updateMask=iap"
   

After you enable IAP, you can use the Google Cloud CLI to modify the IAP access policy using the IAM role roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor. Learn more about managing roles and permissions.

注意：当 App Engine 应用包含多项服务时，为了使部分服务可公开访问，同时限制其他服务的访问权限，请在整个应用中启用 IAP，然后向应可公开访问的服务中的 allUsers 或 allAuthenticatedUsers 授予“IAP 安全 Web 应用用户”角色。

基于角色的访问权限：只有在此项目上具有“受 IAP 保护的 Web 应用用户”角色 (roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor) 的正文才能获得访问权限。即使是拥有广泛权限的角色（例如 Owner 或 Editor），也无法自动获得对受 IAP 保护的应用的访问权限。

测试用户身份验证

1. 授予角色后，主账号可以通过 IAP 进行身份验证，然后访问应用。使用已获授 IAP 且拥有 IAP-secured Web App User (roles/iap.httpsResourceAccessor) 角色的 Google 账号访问应用网址。

2. 使用 Chrome 中的无痕式窗口访问该应用，并根据提示登录。获得 IAP-secured Web App User 角色的用户在成功通过身份验证后即可访问应用。未获得所需角色或未能通过身份验证的用户无法访问应用。