Pub/Sub 发布消息

演示如何通过 Cloud Functions 函数与 Pub/Sub 进行交互。

代码示例

Java

如需向 Cloud Run functions 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭证。如需了解详情，请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证。

import com.google.cloud.functions.HttpFunction;
import com.google.cloud.functions.HttpRequest;
import com.google.cloud.functions.HttpResponse;
import com.google.cloud.pubsub.v1.Publisher;
import com.google.protobuf.ByteString;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.ProjectTopicName;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.PubsubMessage;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
import java.util.Optional;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutionException;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;

public class PublishMessage implements HttpFunction {
  // TODO<developer> set this environment variable
  private static final String PROJECT_ID = System.getenv("GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT");

  private static final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(PublishMessage.class.getName());

  @Override
  public void service(HttpRequest request, HttpResponse response)
      throws IOException, InterruptedException {
    Optional<String> maybeTopicName = request.getFirstQueryParameter("topic");
    Optional<String> maybeMessage = request.getFirstQueryParameter("message");

    BufferedWriter responseWriter = response.getWriter();

    if (maybeTopicName.isEmpty() || maybeMessage.isEmpty()) {
      response.setStatusCode(HttpURLConnection.HTTP_BAD_REQUEST);

      responseWriter.write("Missing 'topic' and/or 'message' parameter(s).");
      return;
    }

    String topicName = maybeTopicName.get();
    logger.info("Publishing message to topic: " + topicName);

    // Create the PubsubMessage object
    // (This is different than the PubsubMessage POJO used in Pub/Sub-triggered functions)
    ByteString byteStr = ByteString.copyFrom(maybeMessage.get(), StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
    PubsubMessage pubsubApiMessage = PubsubMessage.newBuilder().setData(byteStr).build();

    Publisher publisher = Publisher.newBuilder(
        ProjectTopicName.of(PROJECT_ID, topicName)).build();

    // Attempt to publish the message
    String responseMessage;
    try {
      publisher.publish(pubsubApiMessage).get();
      responseMessage = "Message published.";
    } catch (InterruptedException | ExecutionException e) {
      logger.log(Level.SEVERE, "Error publishing Pub/Sub message: " + e.getMessage(), e);
      responseMessage = "Error publishing Pub/Sub message; see logs for more info.";
    } finally {
      if (publisher != null) {
        // When finished with the publisher, shutdown to free up resources.
        publisher.shutdown();
        publisher.awaitTermination(1, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
      }
    }

    responseWriter.write(responseMessage);
  }
}

Node.js

如需向 Cloud Run functions 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭证。如需了解详情，请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证。

const {PubSub} = require('@google-cloud/pubsub');

// Instantiates a client
const pubsub = new PubSub();

/**
 * Publishes a message to a Cloud Pub/Sub Topic.
 *
 * @param {object} req Cloud Function request context.
 * @param {object} req.body The request body.
 * @param {string} req.body.topic Topic name on which to publish.
 * @param {string} req.body.message Message to publish.
 * @param {object} res Cloud Function response context.
 */
exports.publish = async (req, res) => {
  if (!req.body.topic || !req.body.message) {
    res
      .status(400)
      .send(
        'Missing parameter(s); include "topic" and "message" properties in your request.'
      );
    return;
  }

  console.log(`Publishing message to topic ${req.body.topic}`);

  // References an existing topic
  const topic = pubsub.topic(req.body.topic);

  const messageObject = {
    data: {
      message: req.body.message,
    },
  };
  const messageBuffer = Buffer.from(JSON.stringify(messageObject), 'utf8');

  // Publishes a message
  try {
    topic.publishMessage(messageBuffer);
    res.status(200).send('Message published.');
  } catch (err) {
    console.error(err);
    res.status(500).send(err);
    return Promise.reject(err);
  }
};

Python

如需向 Cloud Run functions 进行身份验证，请设置应用默认凭证。如需了解详情，请参阅为本地开发环境设置身份验证。

import base64
import json
import os

from google.cloud import pubsub_v1


# TODO(developer): set this environment variable
PROJECT_ID = os.getenv("GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT")


# Instantiates a Pub/Sub client
publisher = pubsub_v1.PublisherClient()


# Publishes a message to a Cloud Pub/Sub topic.
def publish(request):
    request_json = request.get_json(silent=True)

    topic_name = request_json.get("topic")
    message = request_json.get("message")

    if not topic_name or not message:
        return ('Missing "topic" and/or "message" parameter.', 400)

    print(f"Publishing message to topic {topic_name}")

    # References an existing topic
    topic_path = publisher.topic_path(PROJECT_ID, topic_name)

    message_json = json.dumps(
        {
            "data": {"message": message},
        }
    )
    message_bytes = message_json.encode("utf-8")

    # Publishes a message
    try:
        publish_future = publisher.publish(topic_path, data=message_bytes)
        publish_future.result()  # Verify the publish succeeded
        return "Message published."
    except Exception as e:
        print(e)
        return (e, 500)

后续步骤

如需搜索和过滤其他 Google Cloud 产品的代码示例，请参阅Google Cloud 示例浏览器。