Mutation

A modification to one or more Cloud Spanner rows. Mutations can be applied to a Cloud Spanner database by sending them in a Commit call.

JSON representation 
{

  // Union field operation can be only one of the following:
  "insert": {
    object (Write)
  },
  "update": {
    object (Write)
  },
  "insertOrUpdate": {
    object (Write)
  },
  "replace": {
    object (Write)
  },
  "delete": {
    object (Delete)
  }
  // End of list of possible types for union field operation.
}
Fields
Union field operation. Required. The operation to perform. operation can be only one of the following:
insert

object (Write)

Insert new rows in a table. If any of the rows already exist, the write or transaction fails with error ALREADY_EXISTS.
update

object (Write)

Update existing rows in a table. If any of the rows does not already exist, the transaction fails with error NOT_FOUND.
insertOrUpdate

object (Write)

Like insert, except that if the row already exists, then its column values are overwritten with the ones provided. Any column values not explicitly written are preserved.

When using insertOrUpdate, just as when using insert, all NOT NULL columns in the table must be given a value. This holds true even when the row already exists and will therefore actually be updated.
replace

object (Write)

Like insert, except that if the row already exists, it is deleted, and the column values provided are inserted instead. Unlike insertOrUpdate, this means any values not explicitly written become NULL.

In an interleaved table, if you create the child table with the ON DELETE CASCADE annotation, then replacing a parent row also deletes the child rows. Otherwise, you must delete the child rows before you replace the parent row.
delete

object (Delete)

Delete rows from a table. Succeeds whether or not the named rows were present.

Write

Arguments to insert, update, insertOrUpdate, and replace operations.

JSON representation 
{
  "table": string,
  "columns": [
    string
  ],
  "values": [
    array
  ]
}
Fields
table

string

Required. The table whose rows will be written.
columns[]

string

The names of the columns in table to be written.

The list of columns must contain enough columns to allow Cloud Spanner to derive values for all primary key columns in the row(s) to be modified.
values[]

array (ListValue format)

The values to be written. values can contain more than one list of values. If it does, then multiple rows are written, one for each entry in values. Each list in values must have exactly as many entries as there are entries in columns above. Sending multiple lists is equivalent to sending multiple Mutations, each containing one values entry and repeating table and columns. Individual values in each list are encoded as described here.

Delete

Arguments to delete operations.

JSON representation 
{
  "table": string,
  "keySet": {
    object (KeySet)
  }
}
Fields
table

string

Required. The table whose rows will be deleted.
keySet

object (KeySet)

Required. The primary keys of the rows within table to delete. The primary keys must be specified in the order in which they appear in the PRIMARY KEY() clause of the table's equivalent DDL statement (the DDL statement used to create the table). Delete is idempotent. The transaction will succeed even if some or all rows do not exist.